One Common Language Essay

According to an eleventh century Arab writer, Ibn-e-Hazm, in the beginning there existed a single language given by God, thanks to which Adam was able to understand the quiddity of things. Over the chequered history of mankind, the fragmentation of this unique tongue that existed abinitio gave rise to a multitude of diverse languages. An integration of all these, or a reversion to a single language would have several repercussions. The fundamental benefits of a single world language are pragmatic. A common language would dissolve all communication barriers and increase mutual understanding between people and the world over. Such an environment would be conducive to world peace and the end of conflicts. Economic prosperity would be facilitated as business partners are able to communicate freely, leading to a growth of international trade. Xenophobia and other related human fears would be eliminated as people are united under one language. This would undermine at least some racism or ethno-centrism as societies become more egalitarian in their outlook on foreign individuals. On the cultural front, a unique tongue would make redundant the need to translate works of literature or to subtitle/dub movies. The dissemination of knowledge and information could be done freely and in all parts of the globe, as the world’s comprehension of different cultures rises. However, there are some drawbacks of a single world language. The convenience of a single language with its resulting blandness would not make for a full life. Language is more than just a communication of needs, it is a reflection of the social, historical and cultural milieu of society and is therefore a sacred institution. By restricting the modes of human expression to a single language we would be stultifying, repressing and suffocating man’s desire to be creative. ‘The limits of my language are the limits of my world’, as someone once aptly noted. Also, in a manner similar to the situation depicted in George Orwell’s ‘Nineteen Eighty-four’, a single language is a dangerous situation as it may put disproportionate power into the few hands controlling the medium. Although the implementation of a single language is an achievable target, the situation is bound to be transient and impossible to maintain in the long run. Cultural differences between societies transcend language. This is proven by the distinct cultures of the countries speaking the same language. Hence, although the same language, English, as spoken in Canada for instance, is dissimilar to that spoken in the United Kingdom, the United States of Australia. Also, the culture of a country may be composed of several sub-cultures each with its own language. The home of the Queen’s English – the UK – is where English, Gaelic, Welsh, Punjabi, Bengali and Urdu, all coexist. Another obstacle in achieving this target of common language is political pride, which could create conflict between nations, when the choice of a dominant language is being made. In the light of the above discussion, I would suggest that if we are to succeed economically, socially, culturally and politically, then the world must embrace plurilinguism. The future is a multi-lingual one.

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Mentors comes off as unreasonable and a brutal killer. He starts off by presenting himself as kind of knowing his motivations and his strive for good will. Since he mentions positive characteristics, Fortunate indicates the care for his death. Fortunate could have done something so awful that it merits the action that Mentors takes. 2. As the story goes on, the setting changes profusely. The setting changes along with the action. In the beginning, the story has a lot of Irony and light. The action sakes place In the middle of a carnival.Carnivals usually have a happy and fun setting. Later, we start seeing how dark and evil Mentor's plans are which Is dark and literal. When the story changes to underground Into the catacombs and the pile of bones resembles the action and give strength on the object of Mentor's evil. 3. Mentors is the protagonist because he is the narrator and main character. He is evil minded and murdered Fortunate. The protagonist usually is the main character and t he hero, but Mentors is the main character and is not a hero. Fortunate is the antagonist because he amplifies the mystery and suspense. . The similarities of the two stories could be a mental disorder drawing them to the necessity for evil. â€Å"The Black cat† 1 . The narrator feels condemned and guilty, though he is not guilty for killing his wife and Pluto. This says that he is a cold hearted man. He is evil and had a desire to kill. The narrator feels guilty about hurting his cat, Pluto, and cutting its eye out but he does not feel bad about abusing all of his other animals and his wife. This tells us he gives more personality to his cat than to his own wife and cares more about the one cat. 2.In the beginning of his marriage, he and his wife got along very well and he loved animals. But then, the man started drinking and his personality changed for the worse. HIS personality changed as a result of â€Å"the Fiend Intemperance. † HIS was heavily drinking. As days went by, the drinking got heavier and heavier and he became meaner. He then threatened to physically abuse his wife. When the their loyalty to him. In the end of the story, he had killed all of his animals including his favorite cat, Pluto. 3. Yes, this fear is Justified because he sees a white mark on the body of the cat that resembles the gallows, where hangings occur.This reminds him of his hanging of his favorite cat, Pluto. When the cat came around that looked Just like Pluto. He did not want to hurt another animal so he tried to stay away. He tried to axe the cat because he was so irritated. When the cat finally left, he felt better and free. It is Justified because he resisted killing it. 4. I do see similarities in this story. The similarities that came to mind was the temptation to have what their mind was set on causing them to do evil. The narrator must have a mental disorder as well because he drank away his problems and had a desire to kill without guilt.

Research Paper Chapter

Many companies introduce varieties of household cleaner and disinfectant that eliminate microorganisms effectively. Oxalic acid and Phenol acid are commonly found in household cleaner and disinfectant because they are the main ingredients in the elimination of the said microorganisms. Household cleaner and disinfectant nowadays are really expensive and contain many chemicals that might cause irritation to sensitive people.Eggplant (Solarium melange) is a species of nightshade commonly known in British English as barbering and also known Sebastian, bribing eggplant, melange, or Guiana squash. It bears a fruit of the same name that is widely used in cooking, most notably as an important ingredient in dishes such as mousse's and ratatouille. As a member of the genus Solarium, it is related to both the tomato and the potato. It was originally domesticated in India from the wild nightshade, the thorn or bitter apple, S. Incant. Oxalic acid and phenol acid occurs naturally in some plants i ncluding eggplant.Since eggplant contains Oxalic acid and Phenol acid which are the main ingredients in producing household disinfectant and cleaner the researchers name up with the idea on producing organic household cleaner and disinfectant out of eggplant. This product will help people that are sensitive in some products that contain high chemicals that irritate them. It will be cheaper than other commercially manufactured household cleaner and disinfectant that are sold in the market today. Background of the Study Nowadays, people have using different household disinfectant and cleaner that are expensive and less effective.This study aims to determine whether the Eggplant (Solarium melange) has the ability to be a good source of oxalic and phenol acid which are commonly used components for making household disinfectants and cleaners. Eggplant (Solarium melange) is rich in different vitamins that are useful in fighting diseases. Aside from being useful in fighting diseases, eggpl ants are also a rich sources of phenol acid that function as antioxidants which also contains a so-called chlorine acid. This is responsible for the eggplants' bitter taste when their flesh is cut.This is an enzyme called polyphony oxides that triggers a phenol acid that produces brown pigments. Eggplant s among a small number of foods that contain measurable amounts of oxalate's, a naturally occurring substances found in plants, animals, and human beings. When oxalate's become too concentrated in body fluids, they can crystallize and cause health problems. But this oxalate's is can also be used as cleaning purposes having a bleach-like quality that is perfect for making household disinfectant or control bacteria and germs.Overall, using eggplant in making household disinfectants and cleaners has benefits since it contain properties that can be used as an agent for cleaning. Research Problem: The study aims to determine the anti-bacterial properties of Oxalic acid and Phenol acid of eggplant (Solarium melange) . Sub- Problem: What is the zone of inhibition of the Blended and Boiled eggplant extract? Which is more feasible to use as a disinfectant? Blended or Boiled eggplant extract? Is the eggplant extract feasible to use as a Household Cleaner? Why?Hypothesis: Alternative: The oxalic acid and phenol acid of eggplants are effective disinfectants and cleaning agents. Null: The oxalic acid and phenol acid of eggplants are not effective disinfectants and cleaning agents. Significance of the Study This study wants to determine the feasibility of eggplant (Solarium melange) as cleaner and disinfectant. The results that would be gathered would be beneficiary to both the consumers and producers of products. The producers of products won't have to look for an expensive material, thus saving them money in production.The consumers would be able to have a product in a lower price and something produced out of a material they normally use only for food consumption. The ra rity of such product could also boost its standing in the market nowadays. There would also be little to no harm to the environment and to anyone who will use the product. Eggplant (Solarium melange) also known as barbering in British English is a species of nightshade, it is contains vitamins, minerals and Photosynthesis which aids in antioxidant activity. It contains 0. 9 g/grammas of Oxalic acid, an odorless, white crystalline solid that exists in its natural state in many plants ,a component of metal cleaning agents and a scouring agent in textile cleaning, striping and finishing, if inhaled or absorbed through skin can caused kidney damage among other things. Eggplants also contain phenol acid Plants form these compounds to protect against oxidative stress, as well as infection by bacteria and fungi. One of the active ingredients of some household disinfectant, is Phenols.Both of these compounds are contained by Eggplant (Solarium melange), which makes it an even better candida te for finding out it's possible usage as cleaner and disinfectant. It is cheap, abundant and environment-friendly. It could also be potentially good in terms of being in commercial market because of its unique ensues. Scope and Delimitation Scope The coverage of this study is to know about the effectiveness of an eggplant (Solarium melange) as cleaner and disinfectant. The objective of this study is to produce a cheaper disinfectant that is effective for household cleaning.The product is used to clean tight and dirty places and users of the product must be 7 years of age or above. Materials used for the disinfectant are body of the eggplant, water, Sodium Beneath (for durability), etc. That are mixed together by a blender. The study and the experimentation will be finished within a week. The purpose of the product is for cleaning and disinfecting. Delimitation The study does not cover the comparison of the effectiveness of the eggplant from other plants that can also be used as cle aner and disinfectant (such as calamines, etc. ).The study is not allowed to be conducted by any person below 1 0 years of age. The study does not include other dirty objects but only limited to tight and dirty places such as bathroom, etc. Definition of terms Conceptual Definition Blender – It is a kitchen and laboratory appliance used to mix,puree, or emulsify food and other substances. Boiling Method – It is the method of rapid vaporization of a liquid, which occurs when a liquid is heated to its boiling point, the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding environmental pressure.Chemicals – It is a form Of matter that has constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Alt cannot be separated into components by physical separation methods. Cleaner – It is a type of industrial or domestic worker who cleans homes or commercial premises for payment. Unlike other ser vants, their primary task is cleaning. Disinfectant – It is a substance that is applied to non-living objects to destroy microorganisms that are living on the objects. Eggplant – It is a species of nightshade commonly known in British English as barbering.It bears a fruit of the same name that is widely used in cooking, most notably as an important ingredient in dishes such as mousse's and ratatouille. Extraction – It is the process of obtaining something from a mixture or compound by physical or chemical means. Microorganisms – It is an organism that is microscopic. It includes bacteria, fungi, and prisons. Night shade – It is n economically important family of flowering plants. The family ranges from herbs to trees, and includes a number of important agricultural crops, medicinal plants, spices, weeds, and ornamental.Many members of the family contain potent alkaloids, and some are highly toxic, but many cultures eat nightshades, in some cases as a staple food. Oxalic – It is an organic compound with the formula HECTIC. It is a colorless crystalline solid that dissolves in water to give colorless solutions. It is classified as a diacritically acid. In terms of acid strength, it is much stronger than acetic acid. Oxalic acid is a reducing and its conjugate base, known as oxalate (CACHE-?), is a chelating agent for metal actions.Phenol- It is any analogous hydroxyl derivative of benzene. Shelf life – the length of time that a commodity may be stored without becoming unfit for use Sodium Beneath – It has the chemical formula Nachos; it is a widely used food preservative, with E number EYE 1 . It is the sodium salt of benzene acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide hedonistic acid. Benzene acid occurs naturally at low levels n cranberries, prunes, greengage plums, cinnamon, ripe cloves, and apples.Operational Definition Blender- It is an applianc e that will be used to mix the eggplant with water. Boiling Method- It is the method that will be used to extract the content of the eggplant by means of boiling it in ICC – ICC temperature. Chemicals- It is the substance that would be extracted from the eggplant. Cleaner- It is the product that would be made from the eggplant's extract. Disinfectant- It is the product that would be made from the eggplant's extract. Eggplant – It is the vegetable that would be used to make a household cleaner and disinfectant.

Is America a Christian Nation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Is America a Christian Nation - Research Paper Example The research paper "Is America a Christian nation?" pays attention to such fundamental questions as human rights, freedom of conciseness, and ideas of the Revolution. Both in Christian and liberal worldview and in value system an important place is given to seemingly one and the same value – the value of the individual and the associated value of individual rights and freedoms. But it should be understood that this similarity is illusory and formal; it contains the principal substantive differences and contradictions. These differences come to the fact that in Christianity these considered values have an absolute divine source, and thus are endowed with an absolute moral dimension; in the liberal paradigm all these values have only human, relative and conventional sources, and thus lacking absolute moral dimension. History of the formation of the liberal system of values is directly related to the history of Western secular thought, which, starting from the secular humanism of the Renaissance and the secular philosophy of the Enlightenment, put by the wayside Christian religious value orientations, and subsequently totally withdrew from them. In the basis of values and principles designated by the new liberal system were not absolute divine reasons, as it was in the Christian system, but the relative secular human conventions. Because actually beyond religion there can be no justification for the absolute; only religion provides absolute divine source and the absolute divine basis of its values – morals, man, his freedom, and rights. ... Secular values and principles—above all, the values of secular freedom, human rights, morality and values—are not absolute and universal, but relative and conventional, and historically borrowed from Christianity and secularly reconsidered. Approved by the new secular philosophy these concepts of â€Å"natural man†, his â€Å"natural state†, his â€Å"natural rights† are understood beyond the divine and moral dimension. These secular concepts became the basis of subsequent concepts of â€Å"social contract†, â€Å"Declaration of Independence,† â€Å"Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen†, adopted by anti-Christian French Revolution, and finally, the â€Å"Universal Declaration of Human Rights† adopted by the UN General Assembly in1948. Secular concepts prevailed, and Christian religion lost its leading role in the beginning of the US history. In 1796 the United States entered into a treaty with Tripoli durin g the Barbary wars. Article eleven of this treaty stated clearly that the Unites States officials considered their country as not a Christian nation: â€Å"As the government of the United States of America is not in any sense founded on the Christian Religion†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Lillian Goldman Law library online). As a matter of fact, this article only proved that all the religions were equal in the territory of the United states, just as the First Amendment of the Constitution states: â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a

HIV and AIDS in Thailand Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

HIV and AIDS in Thailand - Research Paper Example However, the malady remains restricted majorly among the risk groups, that is, commercial sex workers, men who have sex with fellow men, and the intravenous drug users. Recently, data collected from Africa proved that AIDS is a bidirectional disease whose major mode of transmission is through sex. This paper gives an analysis of AIDS pandemic in Thailand. Causes of HIV and AIDS HIV and AIDS incidences have been increasing marginally in the Thailand nation. This terrible increase is attributed to the drivers of AIDS spread (Clark 4). Marginalized groups like the sex workers, men who have sex with men and the injecting drug users are the high-risk groups in Thailand. Sex workers, just like the other marginalized groups, have played a big role in the spread of HIV and AIDS. Though the issue of sex workers as drivers of AIDS spread has raised many debates, the fact remains that paid sex is the excellent driving mode of AIDS pandemic. The factor that has led the rampant spread of AIDS amo ng the sex workers is their common misuse of drugs and the sharing of the needles (McNeil A6). This overlaps two major factors making the disease a common phenomenon among them. Most teenagers in Thailand have ignored the prevention campaigns carried by the country’s government and, instead, are engaging in unsafe sexual behaviors. More than eighty-five per cent of the youth do not consider the damage of HIV, even though more than seventy per cent of STI cases are within the youthful age brackets. Premarital sex among the youth has become a common phenomenon in the country. Only twenty percent of the youth who engage in sex activity use condom during the act (Feimuth, Noar and Edgar 293). Sex workers are criminalized population, so they play the game in secret, thus, it is very hard to track or monitor them. Another driver group of HIV prevalence is the drug users. In the first few years of Thailand’s epidemic, HIV was common among the users of heroine, opium and cocai ne who injected the drugs into their bodies with syringes and shared them with friends. The government has not made a great deal of success in reducing HIV infections among the drug users (Finkel 258). In spite of their efforts to crackdown drug trafficking in the country, the activity has roots underground, making the prevention campaign difficult, if not impossible, for this group. The prime minister of the country held a conference against drug abuse where he addressed the drug issue. Another major risk group in cause of AIDS in Thailand is represented by men who have sex with fellow men. In Bangkok, the capital of Thailand, the prevalence if AIDS among the gays rose by twenty-eight per cent, in a span of two years, that is, between 2003 and 2005. Currently, AIDS prevalence among the gays in Thailand is the highest in major towns (Eur 19). Comparably, men who have sex with fellow men have the highest prevalence to contract AIDS to the general population. The country has formed ga y associations which educate the victims and rehabilitate them, if need be. Users as patients are not criminals, as suggested (Poundstone et al 23).The organizations have established local community centers for men who have sex with fellow men across the country where they can meet and socialize. Thailand has a high number of migrant workers (bridging population) who have provided the greater share of work force in the country. The major challenge faced by this group of people is the language barrier and fear of arrest and

Make a report about tomorrowland festival Research Paper

Make a report about tomorrowland festival - Research Paper Example The nature in which the event draws comparison from other world major events makes it unique and a place to desire. The event creates an ambient atmosphere created by the event organiser makes it dribble with goodness for visitors and performers. The inaugural edition took place in Belgium and was organised by ID&T. the Dutch based company took part in organising the 2005 festival. The festival attracted 180000 attendants. The main performance included Technoboy and Push (Tomorrowland, 2014). The highly published event gave rise to a series of events. The successive years saw a 50000 increase in attendance. The yearly event took place in 2008 attracting a record 1000 DJ’s. In 2013, the first Tomorrowworld festival took place (Tomorrowland, 2014). The Georgia festival in USA attracted 140000 attendances. The extended version of the Belgian festival was a success and gave birth to a number of world Tomorrowworld festivals. The 2014 saw into attendance increase by 10,000 people. The 2015 edition is staged to take place in 2015. Brazil is the chosen as the event country. The festival has won a number of awards including the international dance music awards in 2013 and the Red Elektropedia awards in 2012 as the best festiv al (Tomorrowland, 2014). The festival attracts more than 400 deejays with the 2008 edition attracting a hundred DJs. Other staffs as selected by the human resource department include security and police officer (Tomorrowland, 2014). Their job description allows them to ensure a safe environment needed for the event. The other staff at the festival included the photographers and journalist whose main duty was to ensure the event is documented for future reference. The festival outsourced catering and accommodation services. This included tents and hotel room for the visiting audiences. The available capacity only allows accommodation for the performers thus to cater for the demand

MBA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

MBA - Essay Example To manage change is tough but the actual problem lies on the fact that there is no or little agreement regarding the factors which transforms the initiatives in organization (Metre, 2009, p. 1). There are authors who have stressed upon the fact that the main reason for failure of initiatives is due to resistance to change. Resistance to change often tends to include delays as well as cost into the change process. But resistance is also considered as useful source of information which helps in the development and learning process of the organization in a successful way. It has been proved that resistance to change is one of the key subjects in managing change in an organization (Val & Fuentes, n.d). Also with an increasing globalization, change in technology and deregulation along with a shift in the socio cultural trends, thus few would like to dispute that the most important task for the management is the leadership of managing organizational change (Todnem, 2005, p.2). Therefore in this context it becomes increasing necessary to reflect on the type, extent and change both for small and big organization in order to survive and thus sustain themselves in the changing business environment (Sengupta & Bhattacharya, 2006, p.1). Objectives The main objective in conducting the study is to find out whether change is important in the process of the development of the organization in the era of globalization. The following objectives will be discussed in order to confirm that the review of literature supports the given objectives. To determine why change is necessary The need for organizations to change and the forces of change To determine to what extent are the initiatives proposed are successful Description of the research The research on managing change in the organizations in the 21st century has been mainly taken from secondary sources especially books and other academic sources. Apart from books and academic sources some journals were also used. Mostly books wer e used because journals were not available at an ease like books. Some of the books and academic source includes, Metre, C. (2009). Deriving Value From Change Management. Griffin, R. W. (2011). Fundamentals of Management. Cengage Learning Zeffane, Rachid. (1996). Dynamics of strategic change: critical issues in fostering positive organizational change. Smith, Ian. (2005). Achieving readiness for organizational change. Key Findings The report mainly focuses on analyzing the fact that managing change is essential for organization in the 21st century in order to success and stay ahead of its competitors and achieve a competitive advantage. GE has managed to apply changes in its organization by following the process by Lewin’s notion (1947) which includes unfreezing, refreezing and movements were some of the essential components of change. The model primarily focused on the role of the leader in the process of creating change as well as communicating and crafting the vision, lead ing it and finally measuring progress of the change implemented across the dimensions of is organization. Figure 1: GE 7 step change model (Source: Metre, 2009) In addition to GE, the changes that has helped P&G reached at the top level is also been discussed (ICMR, 2004). Part B Summary of

Interpretation of diagrams Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Interpretation of diagrams - Assignment Example t indicates that many patients receiving home medical care may not be in a position to access the services of the national government vaccine program. This knowledge may be applied to device ways that will ensure that patients receiving medical home care are provided with the vaccination services. Diagram 2A indicates a scenario whereby; the provision vaccine services through the current program does not have any significant effect in regard to the increase or decrease of death rates. On the other hand, the probability of increasing the national vaccine services under the government structure leads to a significant reduction in the average number of death in the country and vice versa. This information is important to policy makers in the sense that it facilitates them to device ways that can be applied to increase the probability of undertaking vaccine program under the government’s program. In addition, the policy makers may also use this data to determine the reasons why the current program is not effective with regard to the reduction of death rates among the

Urban issues assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Urban issues assignment - Essay Example Taking USA and Germany as case studies, the paper seeks to come up with the best possible solutions to these challenges for a sustainable future. Germany and The USA are among the highest motorized countries around the world. Between 2010 and 2014, there were 588 and 786 motor vehicles per 1000 people in Germany and the IUS respectively (National Transportation Statistics). Motorization has in turn increased the demand for parking areas, resulting in problems in consumption of space mainly in central areas. The connection between congestion and parking is also evident where motorists experience delays looking for parking areas, negatively affecting local flow. In both of these countries, there is a high density of population and due to the fact that many households are close to means of public transport, there are a small number of trips made by personal cars owing to the convenience of public transport. There are, however, differences that are still evident. Most Americans depend more on cars as compared to their German counterparts (786 against 588 per 10000 people) as more Germans prefer walking or cycling as well as us of public transport. This over-reliance on motor vehicles by Americans has led to heavy consumption of energy and ultimately resulting in pollution, rendering the current maintenance cost of urban spaces unsustainable (Wellman 336). The American transport system grapples with high number of trips per capita, estimated to be about three times higher as compared to Germany. Americans also spend about 5% of their budget on transport, a crucial amount compared to other countries that pay between 2 and 3% (National Transportation Statistics). For this reason, there has been need to adopt policies that would assist in reducing the over-reliance on automobiles and ultimately aid in reduction of congestion in major areas. For example, one of the most densely populated states,

St Judes Research Hospital Essay Example for Free

St Judes Research Hospital Essay â€Å"Shortly after Hayden’s fifth birthday, he began having headaches and nausea. At first, the doctor thought he had migraines and asked his mother to keep a record of when his head hurt. After only a short period of time, Hayden’s headaches grew more frequent. Then, he began having trouble with the vision in his right eye causing him to see double. It was at this point, his mother knew there was a bigger issue at hand. Hayden was referred to an ophthalmologist for further testing. When the doctor examined Hayden’s eyes closely, he saw abnormal swelling and immediately ordered a CT scan. The results were upsetting: There was a mass on Hayden’s brain. He underwent surgery to remove the tumor, after which a biopsy revealed more devastating news: Hayden suffered from a type of brain tumor called Medulloblastoma. Hayden’s parents had heard about St. Jude’s Children’s Research Hospital and immediately asked their doctor for a referral. † Hayden’s story comes from St. Jude’s Research Hospital website. He’s featured as this month’s â€Å"Patient of the Month†. Hayden is an adorable 6 year old boy with a beautiful smile. Other than the fact that he has no hair, you would never know that he’s been through more than most of us will endure in a lifetime. What is Medulloblastoma? It’s a highly malignant primary brain tumor which is most common in children. Re-occurrence of Medulloblastoma is almost always fatal, so fast evasive treatment is critical the first time it’s diagnosed. There are several sound reasons’ to support the St.  Jude’s Research Hospital. I’m going to tell you why you should support St. Jude’s Research Hospital, starting with its humble beginnings as a good deed by a wealthy famous man turning a personal promise into one of the most successful charities in the United States and ending with the impact it’s had on medicine today. A A good deed by a famous, wealthy man doesn’t seem all that remarkable. Hollywood stars do it all the time. But this story is particularly significant. St. Jude’s Research Hospital was founded by television star Danny Thomas. He worked with the likes of Doris Day and acted in roles on The Dick Van Dyke Show, The Andy Griffith Show and The Mob Squad. His professional career was a resume that spanned several decades. But his most remarkable accomplishment was the foundation of St. Jude’s Research Hospital. Danny Thomas was a devout catholic. Early in his career, while still a struggling actor with a new family he prayed for an answer on how to proceed in his life. He made a promise to build a shrine in honor of St.  Jude, the patron saint of hopeless causes, if he could only proceed with and find success in his career as an entertainer. He never forgot that prayer or that promise. The shrine he built was opened in 1962 in Memphis Tennessee and stands today as a pillar of hope for families of children with cancer around the world. St. Jude’s Research Hospital was founded on the premise that any needy child would be able to receive care regardless of race, religion or the ability to pay, a hospital where no suffering child would be turned away. Danny Thomas lived until 1991 to witness the miracle his promise to St. Jude created. His children continue to participate and avidly support St. Jude’s Research Hospital today. Without a most sincere prayer of faith during a time of great need, this world could have been in a very different place. B Cone Communications, a public relations and marketing agency puts together an annual list of the top 100 non-profit power brand companies in the US. St. Jude’s Research Hospital ranks #18 on the list with top leaders such as: 1.  YMCA 2. United Way 3. American Red Cross This is significant considering St. Jude’s is one hospital accomplishing this. The other charities I mentioned are based all over the country. St. Jude boasts nearly 5 million donors and 1 million volunteers. St. Jude was named for the 6th year in a row as one of the top institutions in the annual â€Å"Best Places to Work in Academia† by Scientist Magazine in July 2011. They are one of the best employers as a research and learning hospital. St.  Jude’s Research Hospital follows the Better Business Bureau â€Å"Wise Giving Alliance Standards for Charity Accountability†. This means that St. Jude’s Research Hospital fully discloses basic information about their services and their fundraising. There is nothing to hide! You have a right as the consumer and donor to ask those questions and you can find that information. What are the differences between St. Jude’s and other charities? Most charities focus on one key marketing or fundraising area. St. Jude’s target for marketing fundraising is far larger than most charities. Their target; preschoolers, professionals, 8th graders and 80 year olds, television, radio, local drives, school drives, trike-a-thons, math-a-thons, local, county, state and national events. Some of the big ones that you may be familiar with; the â€Å"Dream Home Giveaway†, the â€Å"Thanks and Giving Campaign† and the radio-a-thon â€Å"Country Cares†. Because of last year’s St. Jude’s NFL event, 18% of American’s said they planned to support St. Jude’s â€Å"Thanks and Giving Campaign† during this past holiday season. No opportunity is turned away. Comparing St.  Jude’s Research Hospital with other powerhouse charities such as The Susan G Koman foundation and American Cancer Society here are a few facts to consider: * The CEO for The Susan G Koman Foundation doesn’t make any money – she is the founder and therefore choses to forgo that expense leaving it in the foundation’s budget. The Susan G Koman Foundation is much smaller than St. Jude’s when talking about total revenue. Susan G Koman foundation keeps their general and administrative expenses well below 10% of their annual revenue in order to give back through outreach programs and funding valuable research. The CEO for the American Cancer Society has an income of almost a million dollars a year. Preventcancer. com reported in 1988 that the American Cancer Society was the world’s wealthiest non-profit institution. Only 26% went to medical research programs and the rest to operating expenses which included about 60% for generous salaries, pensions, executive benefits and overhead. Nationally, less that 16 percent of all money raised is spent on direct services to cancer victims. * The CEO for St. Jude’s Research Hospital has an income that’s less than 200,000 a year. In 2009, 74% of St.  Jude’s revenue went to patient care, research and education, training and community services, 17% to fundraising and only 9 percent to administrative costs. Why do I tell you these numbers? According to the August 2010 Charity Navigator CEO Compensation Study, the average median income for the CEO of a Charity is in the 100,000 to 200,000 dollar annual income range and it is considered healthy to pay income for CEO’s rather than expect free services for a number of reasons. The differences in the percentages of revenue going to research, treatment or administrative expenses tell the real story though. St. Jude’s uses many powerful connections, they have a â€Å"star-studded roster† like many charitable foundations, they’ve made brilliant marketing decisions and created a variety of programs which reach out to a much wider variety of consumers and business’ than other charities of its kind. C Today St. Jude’s Research Hospital is internationally recognized. St. Jude’s is a pioneer in research and treatment of children with cancer and other catastrophic diseases: 1. They are the first and only comprehensive cancer care center devoted only to children funded by the national cancer institute 2.  They are the only private cancer center in the US committed to caring for and supporting children with cancer and other catastrophic diseases regardless of the family’s financial or healthcare resources. 3. Ranked as one of the best pediatric cancer hospitals in the country 4. They coordinate several cancer studies and continues to do pediatric cancer research 5. They are also now the leader in sickle cell disease research 6. They play a significant role in the research for influenza. 7. They treat over 5,700 patients per year

Should High Level Jobs Be Reserved For Women Philosophy Essay

Should High Level Jobs Be Reserved For Women Philosophy Essay Most of the high level jobs are done by man, should government encourage a certain percentage of these jobs to be reserved for women ? Most of the high level jobs are done by men, I am not totally agree with this idea, because many high level jobs are done by women. There is no discrimination between man and woman before the eye of law. I deeply believe high level jobs are done by qualified person. So government should not encourage a certain percentage of high level jobs to be reserved for women. As a human being all are equal so those who have qualification to do high level jobs, they must will do. If government encourage or enact a law or reserve certain percentage that will be unfair and injustice and discrimination for man. High level jobs should be given on the basis of merit and qualification not consider as a man and woman.we do not agree, to make any reservation on the basis of race, age, sex and minority ,but high level job must be done by only qualified person. Man and Woman are equal so there should not have any special attention for women. This concept seriously violates human rights. There should not have any discrimination between man and woman. The discrimination never bring peace and stability in a state, so government must not make any special rules for women. As a democratic state, every state has rule of law and human rights, so high level jobs are only done by man, this is not fair and justice. If women have merit and qualification, they must hold high level jobs. To my mind, there is no restriction in law of a state for woman high level jobs. Human right is most important to live in the world with dignity and honour as a best creation of God. So knowledge and knowledge must be standard for high level jobs not on the basis of sex. So only justice and fair can bring the peace and security in a state, man and woman should not be competitor but dependable. Being a best creation of God, we must have sense of responsibility and duty to one another to make a better and peaceful world for the future generation. As a man I deeply believe and trust, there should not have any unfair between man and woman. only the basis of merit must get high level post not consider anything else. To hold a sensitive post, need only knowledge and management capacity but disqualification must always discourage and deprive from high level post for betterment of nation and showing honour and justice for qualified and knowledgeable persons. Proper management is the most important to hold a high level job, so one who will be seated in this post must be qualified and knowledgeable. If any person is woman but she is not qualified for the post but given the high level post she absolutely will be fail to hold the post. Motivation is very important requirement to hold a high prestigious job, one who has no this capacity she/he cannot hold a high level post. So I hope and believe government should not to make any special attention to women for high level post because if they are qualified, no need to make any rule or law in parliament. Leadership is the best qualification to hold the high level jobs. To be a best leader, so easily can deal any critical situation. Those who will hold better post, musth have leadership skilled to perform properly his/her responsibilities and duties.This is the age of globalization,so one who want to be leader one,s has to have leadership skilled otherwisewill be seriously fail to make any decision. Challenging career, there are many job very challenging so women are not able to perform their responsibilities but if any woman get like that post as a leader she will totally fail to lead the team or group. For example a woman is not fit for post of chief of Army, Navy,and Air force,because they are not able to perform their duty properly with care and strictly.So body fitness is very important to hold like that high level job.So if government impose like that post, it will be harmful for a nation. Professional services are opened for all men and women,because there is no any condition or restriction for women.women can be professor,lawyer,pilot officer,doctor if they have qualification.So for this reason,no need to care more women for high level job.There are many women in the world who are justice,lawyer, minister,parliamentarian .They perform their responsibilities and duties with dignity and skilled.This is because, they are hardworkers and qualified for this posts Corruption is the great disease for state , it is worse than cancer . so make a proper well fear state . it is responsibilities for man and women to remove this corruption from the grass root level of state , corruption free state and protect and guarantee human rights such kind of well fare state no conflict man between women incase of high level jobs. Misuse is the worst weak point to protect human rights and establish rule of law it is absolutely possible misuse of power in government wish to protect the human rights .disqualified person never get high level jobs .this is possible on the basis of rule of law but we have to keep in mind knowledge and qualification only should be standard for higher level job but not consider sex. Political instability never bring any peace and security, safety and dignity for a nation .for the cause of corruption and missuse of power always coming political instability in a state. For these reason many qualified man and women totally deprive from the higher level jobs.such kind of political environment never consider knowledge and qualification and care fare and justice . There are many states where women hold high level post such as Bangladesh is a highest ranking for the leadership of women because there is a prime minister and opposition leader, home minister,foreign minister and agriculture minister all are women. they are not elected as a women but for theire leadership qualification.so there is no way to say government should have extra care for women .if they become knowledgeable, they will reach their goals. In Pakistan also had an ex-prime minister banzir butto who was a woman and she was elected for her political wisdom but her nation did not make her prime minister just consider as woman .there are many women perform their responsibilities and duties with due care and dignity . there is a president in india is woman .there were former prime ministers Indira Gandi and Sonia gandi also were women. In usa ,hilari Clinton is secretary of state of America so it is only possible for her qualification. . In UK and Austrilia are handled supreme post by women,we do not like to make different between man and woman.As a human being all are equal,in case of dignity and rights and duties. Criticism of women ;most of the women across the world , to remind themselves busy in the kitchen .their mind do not want to work high abious job.They think , women responsibilities to produce baby and to take care and managing housing work.They do not know what are their rights and duties.So for this reason,they are tortured, oppressed,nepressd by men.Their voices are not strong for their rights.They do not know how to establish their civil and political rights.Even now women are not prepared to take leadership of high level jobs.They think leadership and management are only for men. Reservation of negative effect,If government reserve certain percentage for high level jobs,it will make a serious negative effect in a state.Now a days all of the countries have recognised equal status of men and women.The certain percentage reservation will break the check and balance of a state.Day by day men will be unemployment which is not green signal for democratic states.So we do not agree on the statement of reservation of high level jobs for women.If government want to reserve must be for backward section people.There will be no any discrimination between men and women. It is high for women to raise their voices against injustice and unfair.Government can take effective step to make educated women.Women have to be conscious for their fundamental rights.If government make them properly educated then they will get high level jobs.No need make any reservation for women,from every part of the world, women should be conscious about their rights and duties, They must make pressure their own government to provide complete women rights. When they will be able to understand what are their rights and duties and will be qualified then they will get high level jobs. In brief ,I would like to say dignity and honour should not be given on the basis of sex.for the causes of sincerity ,honesty,sense of responsibility, punctuality and duty.So any man or woman will hold high level job if he or she has qualification. No need to make speacil law for woman for high level jobs.Only knowledge and knowledge should be most priority and standard to hold high level job.

The Tourism Principles And Practices Tourism Essay

The Tourism Principles And Practices Tourism Essay Tourism is becoming the worlds largest industry and it is being recognized that tourism must preserve and protect the environment and natural attractions so that people will continue to travel, and must set use limits so that sites will be truly sustainable  [1]  . However tourism, as well as bringing improvements in areas such as the economy, also has the power to destroy the environment. Impressive examples of this are hotels and other accommodation establishments, which contribute to almost a quarter of tourism emissions in general (21%)  [2]  . Recently, tourists have started to become more interested in the environmental impacts of their travels, and thus the tourism and hotel industry has started to pay more attention to the protection of the environment. 2. LITERATURE REVIEWS Considering the complexity and wideness of the topic, in order to implement a plan to save costs and reduce consumption a good research and documentation about the subject is required. This issue has become an actual problem which is being discussed in many journal and magazine articles. Firstly, it is necessary to find adequate information to quantify in statistics and explain in detail the history of this issue and describe it. For this section 2 university texts were used: Goeldner, C. R. Ritchie, J. R. B. (2009). Tourism Principles, Practices, Philosophies (11th Ed.) New York: Wiley and Sons., Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation in the Tourism Sector Frameworks, tools and practices. An International Seminar focusing on Developing Countries and Small Island States. (April 2008) Oxford, United Kingdom. Moreover, a small research was carried out on the internet using some websites which talk about tips and suggestions adopted in this sector. 3. ECO-FRIENDLY MEASURES A strategic planning and implementation of policies, that pay attention to the costs, bring benefits not only the environment but also to the hotel itself. By observing methods and techniques of sustainability, immediate economic objectives can be achieved, but the most important thing is that the measures implemented are for the long-term. Consequently, every manager should be familiar of what are the environmental and energy aspects of its business/organization in order to improve upon them and reduce waste and costs. To achieve this goal, a seaside superior hotel needs to change its habits and introduce innovations that use natural resources or transform their systems in low-power systems as seen in some example reported below. 3.1 Natural resources The use of natural resources is the cheapest measure. Correspondingly, there are a number of systems to minimize emissions which use simple methods that simultaneously may also reduce costs. Firstly, an accommodation should install large sun-facing windows or skylights on facades and celling. In this way, during the day, electricity consumption is minimized because the natural daylight filters throughout the windows, thus reducing the need for artificial lights. Conversely, it is important that this type of glass maintains a cool temperature inside because this could be a problem during the summer period. Secondly, solar panels can be installed to harness solar energy. Indeed they use the suns energy and transform it into useful energy and heat for human activities. Considering that we need to analyze a hotel on the seaside, the accommodation could also benefit from exploiting the sea with simple structures that support the main goal of becoming an eco-friendly hotel. Some example of how this is possible can be taken from the Hilton hotel in Malta; the only eco-friendly hotel that achieved the European eco-label certification. In the same way a hotel on the seaside could take advantage of this and with a process of desalination in an osmosis system, this type of water can be used as drinking water. In addition, sea water desalinated can be used for cooling (in summer) or heating (in winter) for the hotel. Thus it decreases the need of fossil fuels. Furthermore, this used water could be cleaned in a biological purification plant and together with harvested rainwater be used for toilet flushing and irrigation of the gardens. Although initially these systems can have high costs, in the future they will significantly reduce consumptions and costs of the accommodation. 3.2 Waste disposal Another fundamental measure in an eco-hotel is waste management and recycling. This is a strategy that reuses waste instead of disposes of it. Recycling avoids the waste of potentially useful materials, reduces the consumption of raw materials, and reduces the use of energy, and therefore the emission of greenhouse gases. This method is very simple to implement. It is important that in each and every place of the hotel (kitchen, restaurants, rooms, offices, public areas etc) recycling bins are provided. In the office, they can minimize the paper size and replace the normal print ink with soy-based ink which pollutes less. Also plastic laundry bags can be replaced with cloth bags. After this step managers must familiarize staff and guests with this measure by offering products that contain recycled material such as newspaper, magazine and organic bags. 3.4 Maintenance As stated in the introduction, all this behaviors and systems must be long-lasting and the only way to achieve this objective is maintenance. First of all, all the guestsà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ rooms must be controlled for infiltration of hot and cold air throughout windows and doors. Then air conditioners and heaters need an annual maintenance which checks if there are problems and if the room temperature is acceptable for each season. All the bulbs need to be replaced with energy saving light bulbs that further reduce costs. Subsequently, also office and restaurants must be regularly monitored with zero-cost measures. Some examples could be allowing hot food to cool before storing in refrigerators and freezers, not overloading refrigerators, regularly clean fans, verify if doors fit and close correctly and defrosting freezers frequently since frost build ups reduce efficiency. Those are all zero-cost actions that should reduce environmental problems, costs and consumptio ns. 3.3 Staff and guest education At the end, the staff and guests should be educated about these eco-friendly measures. With simple gestures, tourists can limit energy consumption and be more aware of protecting the environment and reducing pollution. For example, tourists can pay attention to reduce the use of water when it is not necessary, can use and heating and A.C. with consideration, pay attention to the waste disposal and always remember to turn off the lights. The last action mentioned can also be supported with sensors, installed by the hotel, that automatically turn off lights and air conditioning once the guest has left his room. On the other hand staff can collaborate for other type of eco-friendly measures. For instance, in restaurants, waitress can reduce emissions levels promoting national wine and food (e.g. seafood) because usually international food is imported by air. In addition , members of the hotel can distribute brochures and allow fieldtrip visits to their back of house to promote this syst em not only to customers but expand it to all those who are interested in protecting the environment. 4. REASONS If we examine the causes of the growing interest in eco-tourism, there is a wide range of possible answers. The main reasons are the protection of the environment and saving more money from the hotels. In addition, those who use these systems and achieve these goals are rewarded with international and European certifications such as Ecolabel certification. It is granted only to hotels with systems of environmental excellence that respect ecological and performance criteria established. These criteria are then reviewed and where necessary, improved by providing better environmental quality of services. Moreover, tourists are starting to worry about the consequences that their journey can bring to the environment and in this way as Thomas Tanzilli, director of Federalberghi Rome said Besides the environmental issue, it has also become a commercial problem. After that tourists are interesting in this type of tourism for a big numbers of reasons such as: The presence of local biological food with 0 kilometers People are tired of conventional tourism and they want to seek new challenges. international aid and incentives arise to support tourism projects for the purpose of environmental protection eco-tourism accommodations became more affordable and accessible There is an increase in travel for educational purposes. Finally, in thinking people is maturing an increasing awareness that environmental conservation is not the only reason, but it can also bring economic benefits. 5. CONCLUSION In recent years this great way to reduce environmental pollution through hotels has been promoted in many ways from important tourism organizations such as The World Tourism Organization (WTO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). In addition, the habits of tourists who stay in hotels are changing. In fact, with Advertising put à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¹specially in the rooms of the hotel, the guest feels responsible towards helping the environment and working with the whole staff. To conclude, eco-tourism is not simply constructed by systems and environmental measures implemented by the hotel, but it is a set of attitudes that all components of that particular hotel should assume both inside and outside the building.

A Comparison of Two Types of Treatment for Alcoholism Essay -- Biology

A Comparison of Two Types of Treatment for Alcoholism One of the largest debates in the study of alcoholism is the etiology of the disorder. The prevailing theory today seems to be that alcoholism is a disease, a biological affliction that can only be ameliorated by abstinence or medication. However, there are those who believe alcoholism has its roots in environmental influences and that the disorder is a maladaptive pattern of behavior. The two main methods currently employed for treating alcoholism reflect the foundations of the two main theories. Perhaps the most widely known method is the "Twelve Step" program created by the founders of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) (1). Underlying this process is the belief that alcoholism is a biological disease that can never be cured, nor can it even be hindered without the use of external forces(2).. Members of AA are required to admit that they are powerless to fight alcoholism and need to relinquish control to a "power greater than ourselves." (3).This power can take any form for the adherents to the program, yet there is repeated mention of God and other aspects of Christian spirituality(4). More relevant to the topic at hand is the belief that alcoholism is a biological disease, which can be inferred from the acknowledgement that help with alcoholism can only come from God. This implies that alcoholism is out of one's own hands and thus should not be considered a "character flaw" or an aspect of personality; it also implies that alcoholism is something more intrinsic to the individual. In fact, the Big Book, the handbook of AA, states that alcoholism is a medical disease. (5).. Indeed, there is a substantial amount of evidence to support this assertion; this is based on tre... ...h in U.S./Canada http://www.alcoholics-anonymous.org/em24dc14.html 2)The Twelve Steps of Alcoholics Anonymous http://www.alcoholics-anonymous.org/em24doc6.html 3)A Newcomer Asks http://www.alcoholics-anonymous.org/ep24doc1.html 4)The 12 Step Cafà © http://www.12steps.org/Brochure/12step/STEPS/STEP1.htm 5)The Doctor's Opinion http://www.recovery.org/aa/bigbook/ww/doctors_opinion.html 6)Neuroscience Research and Medications Development http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/please-note.htm 7)Alcoholism http://www.noah.cuny.edu/wellconn/alcoholism.html 8)Animal Models in Alcohol Research http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/please-note.htm 9)Children of Alcoholics: Are They Different? http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/please-note.htm 10)The Genetics of Alcoholism http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/ 11)Treatment of Alcoholism http://www.mentalhealth.com/mag1/p5h-al10.html

Frederick Douglass Essay -- English Literature Essays

Frederick Douglass The narrative piece written by Frederick Douglass is very descriptive and, through the use of rhetorical language, effective in describing his view of a slave’s life once freed. The opening line creates a clear introduction for what is to come, as he state, â€Å" the wretchedness of slavery and the blessedness of freedom were perpetually before me.† Parallel structure is present here, to emphasize the sanctity he has, at this point in his life, associated with freedom and the life-long misery he has associated with slavery. This justifies what he chooses to do next, as he leaves his chains and successfully reaches New York, a free state. The metaphor used within this description is also effective, as chains give the reader a sense of prison, captivity, and a lack of freedom; this is exactly how Douglass felt as a slave. One simile used when describing how he feels when at last free, â€Å"as one may imagine the unarmed mariner to feel when he is rescued by a friendly man-of-war from the pursuit of a pirate.† This simile demonstrates the fear and anxiety each present within him as he enters this free state; as an unarmed mariner approaches a man-of-war, an armed battle ship, fear would undoubtedly be present, and as he is rescued by this armed battle ship the unarmed mariner would be likely to sense relief, however one wou ld still not know what to expect on this armed battle-ship; had he escaped his evil pirate, or merely entered into a worse danger? It is in th...

Belonging – Romulus My Father

Belonging is a paradoxical concept illustrating an individual’s sense of inclusions and exclusion simultaneously. This is evident in Raimond Gaita’s memoir Romulus My father as the individuals Romulus, Raimond and Christine experience the dynamic changes evident in the concept of belong to place, society and community. Armin Greder also explores the fluid and dynamic nature of belonging through his picture book ‘The Island’ through the isolation of the protagonist within the confinements of the island. The inclusion or exclusion from a community is shaped by human prejudices and tolerances. The biographical examination of Romulus’ life with in the text RMF, illustrates his rejection and acceptance within the community of Baringhup. Romulus’ immigrant status shows the division between the new immigrants and the Australians, as the immigrants are forced into a camp. This camp offered shelter and food, though it also offered an opportunity for belonging through shared experiences and cultures, â€Å"He asked the man who greeted new arrivals whether there were any other Romanians†¦ He sought them out and they quickly greeted. Although unaccepted by the Australians, Romulus is able to find other immigrants who he is able to connect with and form relationships, creating a family society between them. Through Romulus’ adoption of the Australian name â€Å"Jack† he attempts to connect to the social milieu of Baringhup though impeded by his unfamiliar morals and values which are not accepted by the Australian community. The strong prejudices of the Australian community are evident in the event of the fire, when Romulus attempts to scare the snake out of the grass through setting alight of the grass. This event causes the exclusion of Romulus in the community â€Å"responding with the instinct of an immigrant†¦ he set fire to the stook†¦Ã¢â‚¬  showing the intolerance of the community and emphasising the belief that he (Romulus) will never be accepted in the Australian community. Yet through Romulus’ contribution to the community through his ironwork and hardworking mentality he is able to be accepted into the community, evidently showing the inconsistent nature of belonging. Similarly, Armin Grader’s picture book â€Å"The Island’ is a metaphorical account of the way prejudices and fear create artificial barriers between people, which are used to exclude others to ensure protection. Shown his lack of clothing the protagonist is identified as foreigner on the island. Through the 4 panelled images we see the foreigner attempt integrating into society by performing civilised jobs, such cooking, carpentry, and singing in the local church. Though in each of these images the man is portrayed in an obscure manner, such as a devil in the choir, showing his exclusion of the individual while performing average tasks of the community, illustrating how belonging to self, controls an individual’s sense of belonging to society, and emphasising the fluid nature of belonging. Due to the social convention the community on the island and the fear evoked by the foreigner, the islanders construct a wall. This wall symbolises the islander’s sense of inclusion to each other as a community and a group which protects and supports each other. It also prevents the islanders from receiving the resources from the ocean, which is one of the main sources of the island livelihood. This artificial wall acts as a barrier to the islands inclusions with the outer world, yet allows the sense of belonging within the confinements of the wall to strengthen. This symbolic use of the wall, illustrates the paradoxical concept of belonging and the dynamic changes within the concept. An individuals belonging to society and community is only achieved through a sense of belong to place. Throughout the memoir, Gaita utilises the surrounding environment as a vehicle to explore the concept of Romulus’ and Raimond’s belonging to the community. â€Å"He longed for the generous and soft European foliage, but the eucalypts of Baringhup†¦ seemed symbols of deprivation and bareness. The negative emotive language shows the negative feelings Romulus has towards the Australian landscape illustrating his lack of connection to the land, thus the lack of connection to the community. In contrast although Raimond is positioned as an outcast by Tom Lillie because of his un-Australian like action, Raimond is able to achieve a connection to the land through his lyrical description of the landscape â€Å"The scraggy shapes and sparse foliage a ctually became the foci for my sense of its beauty and everything else fell into place. This connection allows Raimond to feel a sense of inclusion within the community as they share a common love for the land. The dwelling at Frogmore served to shape Raimond’s sense of belonging by providing place in which his relationship which his father could grow and develop, it also provided him with a constant place where he knew he could feel accepted. Although to Christina the residence at Frogmore becomes a symbol of her unacceptance to the family society â€Å"she could not settle in a dilapidated farmhouse in a landscape that highlighted her isolation. She longed for company† The negative connotations surround the words dilapidated and isolated reinforce the misery that Frogmore and emphasis he disconnection to place, in the one location where she should belong, exemplifying how the ideal of belonging is fluid and dynamic. It is the essence of place that the islanders attempt to maintain during Armin Greder’s text The Island. The close knit community of the island are fearful when the foreigner lands on the shore of their land. Through the singular sentence on the first page â€Å"He wasn’t like them† it is evident that he foreigner was challenging their sense of identity. Through the silent image of the rough sea the foreigners isolation is emphasised. Shown through the protagonist’s lack of clothing the man’s disconnection to the land, his skeletal frame contrasted to the large well-nourished men of the island, emphasis his non-belonging and questions the islander’s fears towards the weak man. The challenge of their land over humanity ultimately results in the men, killing one of their own and sending the foreigner back into the ocean. This illustrates the negative effects of belonging and non-belong, and stress’s the paradoxical nature of belonging as the islanders belong to the community yet excluded themselves from the sea illustrating a consequence of belonging to community is loss of place. Within both texts RMF and The Island, Gaita and Greder present the concept of belonging as of a fluid and dynamic nature. This paradoxical nature of belonging illustrates an individual’s sense of inclusion and/or exclusion simultaneously, as the protagonists are faced with the challenge of not belonging within a society yet conflicted by the sense of belonging to place concurrently, evidently showing the concept of belonging within place, society and community.

Wilkerson Company

Assessment 2 – Individual By – Andrew Chan WILKERSON COMPANY Overview Wilkerson Company is facing a decline in profits and has attributed this to a severe price cutting exercise in their Pumps line of products, dropping the company’s pre-tax margin to less than 3%, far below the historically healthy 10% margins. It appears that gross margins on pump sales in the latest month had fallen below 20%, well below the budgeted gross margin of 35%. Although a recent increase to Flow Controllers by 10% seems to have been overlooked by competitors and have not caused an apparent effect on demand. Wilkerson had always practiced using a simple cost accounting system in their business. Cost Drivers | |Valves |Pumps |Flow Controllers |TOTAL | |Production |7500 |12,500 |4,000 |24,000 | |Direct Labor |10 |12. 0 |10 | | |Material Costs |16 |20 |22 | | | | | | | | |Machine Hours |3,750 |6,250 |1,200 | | |Production Run |10 |50 |100 | | |No. f Shipments |10 |70 |220 | | |Hrs Engineering |250 |375 |625 | | | | | | | | |Direct Labor Expenses |75,000 |156,250 |40,000 |$271,250 | |Direct Material Expenses |120,000 |250,000 |88,000 |$458,000 | Action Whilst a simple cost accounting system gives us the overall picture of the company, it doesn’t truly reflect an accurate picture of the performance of each product. In order to get a clearer picture of the situation, we need to examine the true relation of costs on each product based on their activities. For this to happen, we need to use the ABC system to examine and identify the overhead costs of each product based on their activities. [pic] Machine |Set Up |Receiving |Engineering |Shipping | |$336,000/ |$40,000/ |$180,000/ |$100,000/ |$150,000/ | |11,200 |160 |160 |1250 |300 | |=$30 p/h |=$250 |=$1,125 p/run |=$80 p/h |=$500 p/ship | Manufacturing Overhead Using ABC | |Valves |Pumps |Flow Control |TOTAL | | |30Ãâ€"3750 |30Ãâ€"6250 |30Ãâ€"1200 | | |Machine |112,500 |187,500 |36,000 |$336,000 | | 1125Ãâ€"10 |1125Ãâ€"50 |1125Ãâ€"100 | | |Receiving |11,250 |56,250 |112,500 |$180,000 | | |80Ãâ€"250 |80Ãâ€"375 |80Ãâ€"625 | | |Engineering |20,000 |30,000 |50,000 |$100,000 | | |500Ãâ€"10 |500Ãâ€"70 |500Ãâ€"220 | | |Shipping |5,000 |35,000 |110,000 |$150,000 | | |250Ãâ€"10 |250Ãâ€"50 |250Ãâ€"100 | | |Set Up |2,500 |12,500 |25,000 |$40,000 | | |$151,250/ |$321,250/ |$333,500/ |$806,000 | | |7500 |12,500 |4000 | | | | | | | | |Overhead Costs p/unit using ABC |$20. 17 |$25. 70 |$83. 38 | | Comparison between Simple Cost Accounting System and ABC System Simple Cost Accounting |Valves |Pumps |Flow Controller | |Costs p/unit |$56 |$70 |$62 | |Actual Selling Price |$86 |$87 |$105 | |Actual Profit |$30 |$17 |$43 | ABC System | |Valves |Pumps |Flow Controller | |Costs p/unit |$46. 17 |$58. 20 |$115. 38 | |Actual S elling Price |$86 |$87 |$105 | |Actual Profit |$39. 83 |$28. 80 |$(10. 38) | |Valves |Pumps |Flow Controller | |Simple Accounting Gross Margin | | | | | |34. 9% |19. 5% |41% | | | | | | |ABC Gross Margin |46. 3% |33. 1% |-9. 9% | Key Findings The previously thought â€Å"star† product, the Flow Controller when using the ABC system is identified to be actually performing poorly. The cost of producing the Flow Controller is higher then the actual selling price and producing a negative gross margin of nearly 10%. †¢ The Pumps product line which was causing the concern of management and blamed for dragging Wilkerson’s operating income to a 3% margin is in fact not doing badly. This may explain why competitors dropped their pricing. †¢ Being a simple 4 machined component product to produce and can be shipped in large lots, Wilkerson’s Valves are doing extremely well and performing well above the targeted 35% gross margin. Recommendations Increase the sellin g price of Flow Controllers by 10% to $116, making the sale price and costs per unit to be of negligible difference. Monitor the results, review and suggestion is to continue the gradual price increase into profit territory over a 6-12 month period. †¢ Cut price to Valves by 10% in order to capture market share as no competitors have tried. Based on March 2000 data, operations still have room to run at a higher capacity which in turn lowers per unit costs. †¢ Hold pricing on Pumps as the process of manufacturing is practically identical to Valves and the increase in production of Valves can be rolled over to Pumps and thus reduce costs per unit. |Valves |Pumps |Flow Controller | |Costs p/unit |$46. 17 |$58. 20 |$115. 38 | |New Selling Price |$77 |Hold |$116 | |Target Profit |$30. 83 |Hold |- | |Target gross margin |40% |Hold |0% | At Capacity Machine |Set Up |Receiving |Engineering |Shipping | |$336,000/ |$40,000/ |$180,000/ |$100,000/ |$150,000/ | |12,000 |180 |180 |1250 |400 | |=$28 p/h |=$222. 22 |=$1,000 p/run |=$80 p/h |=$375 p/ship | ———————– $336,000 $40,000 $180,000 $100,000 $150,000 Products MachineSet Up ReceivingEngineering Shipping Overhead $806,000

Causes and Consequences of the Deep Rooted Conflict among Hindus Buddhists and Muslims Essay

Religion is a deeply rooted aspect in mankind. Since the early civilizations, human beings have developed in such a way there is worship of deity beings. Though there are many aspects of religion, the act of common worship of these deities and practices is major. At most times, political and economic factors are to blame for conflicts around the world. However, some of the conflicts have been caused by religion. The differences in the worship of deities and the practices have from early civilizations resulted in quarrels and supremacy battles amongst the different religions. This document will review the causes and consequences of the deep-rooted conflict among three of the known worldwide religions namely Hindus, Buddhists, and Muslims. Causes Most of the religious conflicts among the Muslims, Buddhists and Hindus have resulted from the stance taken by each of the religions. These standpoints can be said to emanate from the texts used for reference in this case the scriptures by each of the religions. This in return has led to the rise of fundamentalists. The interpretation of the scriptures over the years has been done in such a way that each of the religions’ fundamentalists hold their scripture as the only authority with regard to the truth. For the Muslims, the Koran is their guide and the teachings of Muhammad are to be followed by all. For the Hindus, the worship of Gods and adhering to the teachings of the Vedas is the right form of religion. The Buddhists on the other hand will refer to the works of Buddha for guidance. The fundamental principles taken by each of the three religions is what has led to the unending conflict (Dressler & Arvind-pal, 201). Four major selection criteria result in the differences. One of them is faith. At most times, decisions that are made as a result of faith are determined by societal and cultural factors. This understanding is however not taken into consideration by the fundamentalists who determine faith by the virtue of the text used for reference. The Muslims belief is based on the Koran, which to them is the only true scripture. The Hindus on the other hand base their faith in the teachings of the Veras and Buddhists their belief in the teachings of Buddha. This difference results in conflict (Neville, 173). The other criterion that has led to the long spanning conflict by the three religions is on prophecies. For each of the religions, there are prophecies that are held dear by the followers. Deemed to be correct, the prophecies are used to validate the scriptures or reference books. The Muslims will not deem prophecies made by the Buddha or the Hindus’ seers revelations as correct and true. The Hindus will not believe Muhammad’s prophecies or those of Buddha. The Buddhists will not believe in neither the prophecies in the Koran or those proclaimed by Hindu seers, gurus or sages. This prophecy based differences have and will always culminate in conflicts (Dressler & Arvind-pal, 198). Morals are also a part of the selection criteria used by the three religions contributing to the deep-rooted conflicts. For each of the three religions, only their reference texts or the beings of their worship can dictate what is morally right. Everybody else is wrong. The Muslims will consider it immoral for a woman to go in public without a Burkha. This code of dressing in women is not stressed by the Hindus or Buddhists. For the Hindus, cows are sacred and should not be slaughtered. Buddhists on the other hand do not have strict or specific actions considered immoral but leaves it to individuals to judge themselves. Such differences in what to consider as a sin or wrong has continued to fuel the religious conflict (Dressler & Arvind-pal, 178). The last selection criterion that has fueled the wars between the Muslims, Buddhists and Hindus is on popularity. Each of the three religions wants to be more popular than the other, thus in most times, each of the groups feels threatened by the other. Muslims will fight any other religion apart from their own. This is reciprocated by the Buddhists and Hindus where each will want to dominate thus the never ending supremacy battles spiraling into conflicts (Neville, 120). Consequences The religious conflicts between Muslims, Hindus and Buddhists have negatively affected the society. One of the outcomes has been social instability in the affected regions. The constant attack of Buddhist temples and Mosques in India has affected the region. Religious conflicts have evolved and now act as automatic flashpoints for aggression and upset. Constant fights have and continue to break out among the three religions’ believers. In Myanmar, Indonesia there is constant violence between Buddhists and Muslim believers. This is also witnessed in Sri Lanka with a minority Muslim who are constantly attacked by Buddhist advocates. These happenings have led to violence related acts such as sex crimes and destruction of property, fueling instability further (Adian et al., 155). Loss of lives is also an outcome of religious conflicts. This is more evident in Asia, where most of the conflicts have occurred. In India, communal rioting in 1949 between the Hindus and Muslims resulted in deaths. In 1992, there was an eruption of riots all over the country which led to the killing of thousands of Muslim faiths. In Mumbai, there was loss of lives when the Bodh Gaya, a revered Buddhist site was bombed (Adian et al., 180). Conclusion As long as there will be different religions, each with its own practices and teachings, the human world will always be locked in religion conflicts. Striking a balance where Muslims, Hindus and Buddhists all come together is impossible. The presence of the fundamentalists believing and preaching the righteousness of their own religion will always cause conflicts. References Adian, Donny G, and Gadis Arivia.  Relations between Religions and Cultures in Southeast Asia: Indonesian Philosophical Studies, I. Washington, D.C: Council for Research in Values and Philosophy, 2009. Print. Dressler, Markus, and Arvind-pal S. Mandair.  Secularism and Religion-Making. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. Internet resource. Neville, Robert C.  Religion in Late Modernity. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2002. Internet resource. Source document

Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club Essay

Analysis of the Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club for 1983 and 1984. In reviewing the Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club, and hearing arguments from both the owners and player there have been some interesting findings. We see that both parties are motivated towards getting more actual cash flow for their respective sides. Using different accounting techniques resulted in two very different financial statements for the Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club. Although, both teams seem to agree on most of the financial statements there seem to be three specific areas that are causing dispute. The three causes of disputes are roster depreciation, overstated player salary expense, and related party transactions. Roster Depreciation According to the owners the 50% of the 12 million dollar purchase price is being depreciated as roster depreciation. The reasoning behind the 50% rate of depreciation is that it is the maximum rate allowed by the IRS. This clearly shows that the owners are trying to cover as much profit without actual cash outflow through the depreciation expense. According to the players there is an appreciation rather than depreciation as the players actually improve their skills as they increase in experience. Considering the facts it does not add value to depreciate teams that generally appreciate and therefore should not be included in the financials. Overstated Player Salary Expense There are three points of disagreement on player salary expenses; sign up bonuses, deferred compensation, and non-roster player salaries should be expensed in the year that it is paid. Sign-up Bonuses: The players feel that the sign-up bonuses should be amortized over the contract of the players. This seems inconsistent with their prior argument to have the financials match cash flow as much as possible with an argument against depreciation. It doesn’t make sense to  amortize part of a salary as an asset. Since the sign-up bonus is a cost incurred by the owners in one payment it should be expensed in the year in which it was incurred. Deferred Compensation: Most players receive only 80% of their contracted amount with the remaining 20% deferred for 10 years. The argument of the players is that the salaries which aren’t incurred for 10 years are expenses a decade before they are due. It was also brought up that some companies put aside this money and others do not. Considering the fact that the remaining 20% is used as a pension for player’s who would no longer be on the roster an adjustment is due. The deferred salaries expense should be taken out of current expenses and put on the balance sheet as a liability if there is no separate fund. If there is a separate fund this can be put on the balance sheet as a other asset till they are expensed in the year they become a current payable. Non-Roster Player Salaries: Since the players that are released have the possibility of getting signed-on with another team who would take over the contract there does not seem to expense the full amount in one period. Similar to the deferred salaries the cost of contracts released should be expensed as each year’s liability comes due and not before. Considering the fact that Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club is expensing everything ahead of time it is important to note that they will not have these costs to offset profit from future years. The only Way to keep these expenses would to be to carry high player turnover on the teams which is not beneficial in an operational standpoint. However, since net operating losses are allowed to be carried forward 20 years by the IRS, Zephyrs managers may be able to extend the theme of no profit through off-setting future profit with prior year losses with their accounting methods in 1983 and 1984. Related Party Transactions: The player’s argue that since two of Zephyrs’ owners are also sole owners of the stadium which is charging 80% more that other stadiums as well as similar activities with broadcast companies that own teams. However, they are comparing different contracts and an even wider  spectrum of contracts with broadcast companies. It is difficult to gauge the claim on assumptions and the PBPA itself admits that it is something ‘hard to do’. As a result it seems more based on opinion than hard fact. There would be no way to arbitrate stadium and broadcast charges based on unique situations and contracts. The stadium costs would stay the same. If the above recommended changes are implemented income before taxes will rise to $1,668,300 (Operating Income after other expenses). Therefore we see that Kansas City Zephyrs Baseball Club is profitable.

Country size Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Country size - Essay Example South Korea is found in East Asia in the south of Korean peninsula. South Korea covers an area of 38, 023 square miles (98,500 kilometers), with 148 miles coast line. South Korea has an estimated population of 51,170,969 people. South Korea is bordered by North Korea virtually in all directions to the north, Sea of Japan and the Yellow Sea, and to the east. North Korea is the state that is close to South Korea (Simon, 2014). The United States is made up of 52 states, it has an estimated population of 297,976,000 people that is expected to grow thought at a slow pace. To the north, the United States is boarded by Canada while to the south he boarders Mexico. Found in the Middle East, Saudi Arabia lies between the red sea and the Persian coast. Saudi Arabia borders Kuwait, Iraq and Jordan to the north, United Arab Emirates and Qatar to the east, Oman and Yemen to the south. Saudi Arabia covers an approximate of 756,981 square miles. Saudi Arabia has an estimated population of 22,023,5 06. Nauru is the third smallest state, it is located in the west of Pacific Ocean, she has a population of close to 13,500 people and covers an estimate are of 21 kilometers square miles and borders Australia to the east. Tuvalu covers an area of 26 kilometers square; she has a population of 10, 441 people, and it found in the south of Pacific. San Mario covers approximately 6i kilometers square, and has a population of 28,117 people; she is located near the Adriatic coast (Simon, 2014).

Writing an abstract Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Writing an abstract - Assignment Example sought to acquire peripheral personal information from the respondents at the understanding phase by engaging the respondents on a one-to-one conversation. In the acceptance phase, the last phase for the observer-as-participant role – the researchers obtained the much possible intimate information that they could through respondents’ spontaneous expressions of opinions and comments. This article acknowledges the existence of the dilemma of distance in social sciences research, where seeking for a balance between observation and participation remains a major issue. The current recommended solutions for balancing between observation and participation have been cited as being ineffective because of the difficulty in determining the equilibrium during research. This leaves the researcher to bear the challenge of the dilemma as opposed to offering a solution. Appreciating this limitation, Hong and Duff (2002) in their dance club research sought to provide an alternative strategy. They adopted a teamwork approach through rotating and alternating roles of participant-as-observer and observer-as-participant. They undertook a four-step process to gather intimate information from dancers in the Los Angeles clubs: initiation, understanding, acceptance and trust development consecutively. The role of observer-as-participant in the last phase was to ensure that the participant-as-observer does not get intimate with the respondents, to avoid overrapport and restricted vision. This provision for checks and balances by the observer-as-participant could be the basis for this proposed alternative solution to the distance dilemma in field research. The article serves as an important source of information on how to tackle the distance dilemma in field research having collated findings from a series of research studies by the researchers. It therefore enforces the reliability of the findings. The researchers also adequately and appropriately refer to secondary sources to put

Nyse Vs Nasdaq Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nyse Vs Nasdaq - Essay Example They have websites and so much of the trading that is conducted through them is done through the Internet. Within this context it is interesting to examine the role played by the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ in our developing financial world. Few companies illustrate the above situation as well as NASDAQ, the world's first electronic trading company. NASDAQ led the charge away from site-specific bourses and towards a virtual presence where trading is done through software and online. This is the direction many stock exchanges have been going, although most maintain a premier city-specific exchange as part of their brand. With the merger of NYSE and Euronext a few years ago, NASDAQ has a competitor. Both companies due basically the same thing. NYSE Euronext has a massive sweep now that NYSE has a European foothold. It is more competitive with NASDAQ. Both companies continue to purchase stock exchanges. NASDAQ in 2007, for example, bought the Philadelphia exchange. A lot of the m oney now is in mergers and acquisitions among stock exchange companies. Both companies are based out of New York. There are a few differences between the two companies. NASDAQ has been more aggressive and more of a pioneer. Another big difference is how securities are actually traded.

Elements of a total rewards communication program Assignment

Elements of a total rewards communication program - Assignment Example The external force that shall necessitate this action by management is a decrease in demand for the company products. This directly impacts negatively on the company’s revenue thus there shall be no sufficient funds to pay the employees. Inflation can also result to such an action (WorldatWork (Organization), (2007). When general prices increase, the commodity prices shoot up. This implies that the management shall have to spend more funds in purchasing materials, current operating expenses, replenishment of stock, research, marketing and sales expenses increase as well. This consequently reduces the retained earnings of the firm. Stiff competition from competitors and rival firms can result to drastic decrease of sales by the company which will lead to low returns hence reduction of salaries and benefits will be inevitable. The government rules and regulations can be too prohibitive for the company to uphold its echelon of presentation in market. This will also result into reduction in sales revenue hence reduction in the employees’ salaries and benefits (Pauley & Pauley, 2009). The elements of media choices required should be the most appropriate ones that ensure the objectives are achieved. One of the elements that should be employed is the use of graphics and themes which advocate for and complement the mission and values of the organizations. Another element is the use of specific colors, which communicate clear messages to anyone in the public domain. The use of certain words repetitively which philosophically highlight appropriate internal rewards for the employees. Furthermore, there should be internal reward branding that relates closely with the organization objectives, mission and culture. Branding constitutes packaging of benefits, compensation, performance and recognition into symbols. The use of graphics and themes is the hardest to

Economic history Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economic history - Assignment Example The insatiable quest for many profits necessitated the involvement of many workers and extensive labor division. Meaning that employees could work in different locations, anonymous to each other, with the aim of producing various parts for the same commodity. This led to each producer developing a sense of isolation and loneliness, which in the end translated to producers emerging as egoistic. This state of egoism led to a natural state of war with each fighting solely against a myriad others. However, this state of war could only be controlled if there were a central party which every producer would submit to and in turn gain protection from the rest producers. This was explained by Hobbes in his writing where he stressed that it was only after submission to an absolute monarch that individuals would escape the conflict existing among them. Economic specialization, on the other hand, explained the co-existence of different producers in the market system to help each other survive. There was complete dependence on each other for successful functioning of the market. Economic specialization was important as it provided for a relatively free functioning market where producers assisted each other produce and in turn benefit (Hunt 128). Labor and economic specialization contradict each other in that for the former, producers worked in isolation that prompted a feeling of competition among each other. For the latter, however, producers work to benefit each other. There is no single producer that can exist without the other. In conclusion, human beings have a desire to achieve pleasure but avoid pain with his nature being competitive and egoistic. Specialization of labor is meant to maximize profits and speed up production in any market system. When producers are left to work independent, there is the development of an

Philosophy presentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Philosophy presentation - Essay Example The principle of â€Å"initial† panopticon is as follows: there is a building which has a circular form (a ring), and in its centre there is a tower. The tower has big windows which face the interior side of the ring. The tower standing against the light, the prisoners’ figures can be seen clearly. Michel Foucault defines panoptism either as a concrete light organization which is characteristic for a prison, or as an abstract principle, a certain â€Å"mechanism† which is able to penetrate into all functions and structures, all sides of human life. An abstract formula of panoptism is, therefore, not â€Å"to see without being seen†, but to force a certain type of behaviour onto any number of people, any society. This social group should be reduced, placed into an enclosed space. A certain type of behaviour is enforced by means of relocation in space, classification in time, arrangement in space and time. Power is not necessarily a centralized power of a state. According to M. Foucault, the State itself emerges as a result of cooperation of numerous mechanisms and centres, which are situated at a different level and independently form the microphysics of power. How is the idea of Foucault reflected in our everyday life? In fact, all modern societies can be classified as â€Å"disciplinary† societies, â€Å"discipline† being a type of power, a technology penetrating all possible institutions, connecting them, prolonging their existence, stimulating their convergence and exposition in a brand-new regime. Army, schools, hospitals, and other institutions have more and more widely used such mechanisms of power illustrated by â€Å"Panopticon†. The spread of these mechanisms led to creation of the â€Å"disciplined society†, in which the â€Å"visibility† of the minority by the majority was gradually forced out by the â€Å"visibility† of the majority by the minority†, and the spectacular

Activity Based Costing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Activity Based Costing - Essay Example Currently at Stream International, there is no defined way of recruiting and appointing people. Personnel management and conductance of HR activities at Stream International do not follow a charted procedure. As given in the case data, 34 different people conduct HR activities. Due to this, some of the activities like payroll, training etc. get duplicated. For Stream International, costs of human resources hiring, training, development and even allocation of resources is getting duplicated. Jobs are getting redundant because too many people are hiring individuals without any consideration of specific requirements categorized by departmental needs, roles and skills demanded. Controlling and supervision is also getting haywire because employees are not under single leadership. Also, due to excessive hiring by a number of HR people, roles have become ambiguous. Thus, people have outnumbered actual job duties. If number of recruiters at Stream International is large and undefined, recruitment will not be efficient because views and opinions will bound to clash and appropriate candidate would be difficult to find who can fulfill wishes of all. As such, first of all, there has to be made a central recruitment team or division which carefully analyzes manpower requirements of divisions, skills demanded and then hires accordingly. Re-engineering the recruitment process has to be undertaken. While doing so, departmental (Leitner 2004:3) dependencies have to be taken into account. For example, if an employee can undertake two activities of two different divisions, there is no need to hire two separate individuals for both the activities. By identifying people requirements based on departments, salaries, bonuses, incentives, training and development and other expenses can be easily apportioned to the respective business so that costs and

Teams in organizations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Teams in organizations - Essay Example Cross-functional teams include employees from different work areas who come together to complete a particular task. Such teams are usually effective in bringing people from various specialties and diverse areas together. Virtual teams rely on technology to bring together physically dispersed members to accomplish a task. The technologies allow members to collaborate online even when they are physically separated (Daria, 2015). Teams are important in organizations because they bring together member from diverse backgrounds and experiences hence wider points of view. The diversity in teams enhances decision-making, performance, and productivity. Teamwork ensures that tasks can be done faster and efficiently because many people are involved. However, there are some disadvantages of using teams in organizations. Conflicts may arise within teams because of individual difference and affect the organization. Communication may also be problematic due to diverse backgrounds and experiences of members hence lower productivity. Teams can also suppress individual creativity and thinking. The most effective teams within my organization are the cross-functional and self-managed teams. The diversity within cross-functional teams allows people from diverse specialties to exchange information, develop ideas and solve problems. Such teams are effective because early coordination among various specialties enhances innovation, speed, and quality. According to Kozlowski & Bell (2001), the ability of self-managed teams to work on their own without supervision increases their efficiency (p.